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RAID: Redundant Arrays of Independent Disks

Hardware RAID controllers, software RAID and volume managers, and file systems with built-in redundancy.

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3Categories
5FAQs answered
01Hardware RAID controllers

Broadcom storage adapters (MegaRAID)

Broadcom's storage adapters and RAID controllers, including the MegaRAID line used in many servers.

Best for: Hardware RAID in servers.

Visit Broadcom storage adapters (MegaRAID) →
02Hardware RAID controllers

Microchip Adaptec storage

Microchip's Adaptec RAID and host bus adapter products for servers and workstations.

Best for: Hardware RAID and HBAs.

Visit Microchip Adaptec storage →
03Hardware RAID controllers

Intel VROC

Virtual RAID on CPU: Intel's technology for building RAID across NVMe SSDs without a separate controller card.

Best for: RAID across NVMe drives.

Visit Intel VROC →
04Software RAID & volume managers

Linux md (software RAID)

Documentation for the Linux kernel's md driver, which provides software RAID.

Best for: Software RAID on Linux.

Visit Linux md (software RAID) →
05Software RAID & volume managers

LVM2

The Linux Logical Volume Manager, which can stripe and mirror volumes.

Best for: Flexible volumes on Linux.

Visit LVM2 →
06Software RAID & volume managers

Windows Storage Spaces

Windows technology that pools drives and provides resiliency such as mirroring and parity.

Best for: Resilient pools on Windows.

Visit Windows Storage Spaces →
07File systems with built-in redundancy

OpenZFS

An open-source file system and volume manager with built-in RAID-Z redundancy, snapshots and checksums.

Best for: Data integrity and snapshots.

Visit OpenZFS →
08File systems with built-in redundancy

Btrfs

A Linux file system with built-in support for multiple devices and RAID-like profiles.

Best for: Linux file system with snapshots.

Visit Btrfs →

Choosing the right approach

Match your requirement to a starting point, then compare vendors.

Speed with no redundancyRAID 0 (striping), with strong backups
Simple protection for two drivesRAID 1 (mirroring)
Balance capacity and protectionRAID 5 or RAID 6 with enough spares
Performance plus redundancyRAID 10
Data integrity checksA checksumming file system such as ZFS or Btrfs
No hardware controllerLinux md, Storage Spaces or a ZFS pool

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Frequently asked questions

Quick answers.

What is RAID?

RAID combines several drives into one logical unit to improve performance, add redundancy, or both. Different RAID levels trade speed, usable capacity and fault tolerance.

What do the common RAID levels do?

RAID 0 stripes data for speed with no protection. RAID 1 mirrors it. RAID 5 and 6 spread parity so one or two drives can fail. RAID 10 combines mirroring and striping.

Is RAID a backup?

No. RAID keeps a system running after a drive failure but does not protect against deletion, corruption, malware or disasters. Keep separate, tested backups.

Hardware or software RAID?

Hardware RAID uses a dedicated controller and can offload work. Software RAID uses the operating system or file system, is often cheaper and portable, and is common with modern CPUs and SSDs.

Why are large drives a RAID risk?

Rebuilding a large array takes a long time and stresses the remaining drives. Use dual parity or mirroring for big drives, and monitor drive health.

Descriptions summarise each vendor's or project's own positioning, checked on 5 October 2026. Product names and offerings change often, so confirm details on the linked site before deciding.