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Property Graph Databases

A directory of property graph databases — nodes, relationships and properties, the GQL, Cypher and Gremlin query languages, native and cloud graph databases, graph analytics and GraphRAG.

43 topics•7 categories•Updated November 2026

The Property Graph Model & Query Languages

5 entries

Nodes, relationships and properties, and the languages and standards used to query them.

01GQL (ISO/IEC 39075)The ISO standard graph query language for property graphs. 02openCypherOpen specification of the Cypher property graph query language. 03SQL/PGQ (ISO/IEC 9075-16)Property graph queries in standard SQL, explained by Oracle. 04Apache TinkerPop (Gremlin)Graph computing framework and the Gremlin traversal language. 05LDBCBenchmarks and standards for graph data management.

Native Property Graph Databases

10 entries

Databases built around the property graph model.

06Neo4jThe most widely used property graph database, with the Cypher language. 07Neo4j AuraDBFully managed Neo4j graph database service. 08TigerGraphDistributed graph database and analytics platform. 09MemgraphOpen-source in-memory graph database with Cypher. 10FalkorDBLow-latency graph database used for GraphRAG. 11NebulaGraphOpen-source distributed graph database for very large graphs. 12JanusGraphScalable open-source graph database on Cassandra, HBase and others. 13Apache HugeGraphOpen-source graph database with a Gremlin interface. 14UltipaHigh-performance graph database and analytics platform. 15ArcadeDBMulti-model database with property graph, SQL and Cypher support.

Cloud & Relational-integrated Graphs

8 entries

Managed services and property graphs inside relational and analytical databases.

16Amazon NeptuneManaged graph database supporting property graph and RDF. 17Amazon Neptune AnalyticsGraph analytics engine with vector search for GraphRAG. 18Oracle GraphProperty graphs and SQL/PGQ inside Oracle Database. 19Google Spanner GraphProperty graph queries on Spanner with GQL support. 20Azure Cosmos DBMulti-model database with a Gremlin API for graphs. 21Apache AGEPostgreSQL extension that adds property graph queries. 22PuppyGraphGraph query engine over existing relational and lakehouse data. 23DuckPGQDuckDB extension that adds SQL/PGQ property graph queries.

Graph Analytics & Machine Learning

5 entries

Algorithms, libraries and GNN frameworks that run on property graphs.

24Neo4j Graph Data ScienceGraph algorithms, embeddings and ML pipelines on Neo4j. 25NetworkXPython library for creating and analysing graphs. 26NVIDIA cuGraphGPU-accelerated graph analytics from RAPIDS. 27GraphScopeUnified graph computing system for large-scale analytics. 28PyTorch GeometricLibrary for graph neural networks in PyTorch.

Visualization & Tools

3 entries

Tools to explore and query property graphs.

29GephiOpen-source network visualization and exploration software. 30CytoscapeOpen-source platform for visualizing and analysing networks. 31G.V()Graph database client for Gremlin, Cypher and GQL.

GraphRAG & Agent Memory

3 entries

Using property graphs to ground LLMs and give agents memory.

32Microsoft GraphRAGRetrieval-augmented generation approach built on knowledge graphs. 33Neo4j GraphRAG for PythonOfficial package for building GraphRAG pipelines on Neo4j. 34GraphitiTemporal knowledge graph framework for agent memory.

More on This Site

4 entries

Related directories on graphs, knowledge and agents.

35GQL ResourcesGraph query language resources on this site. 36Knowledge GraphsKnowledge graph platforms and databases. 37Graph Data PlatformsGraph data platforms directory. 38Agent MemoryShort- and long-term memory layers for AI agents.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is a property graph database?

A property graph database stores data as nodes and relationships, each of which can carry key-value properties and labels. It is built for queries that traverse connections, such as fraud rings, recommendations, networks and knowledge graphs.

What is the difference between a property graph and RDF?

Property graphs attach properties directly to nodes and edges and are queried with languages such as Cypher, Gremlin and GQL. RDF models data as subject-predicate-object triples with global identifiers, queried with SPARQL. Property graphs are common in applications, RDF in linked data and semantic work.

What is GQL?

GQL (ISO/IEC 39075) is the international standard query language for property graph databases, published in 2024. It builds on openCypher and the SQL/PGQ work, and vendors are adding GQL support.

Which property graph database should I start with?

Neo4j has the largest ecosystem and community, Memgraph and FalkorDB suit in-memory and low-latency use, TigerGraph and NebulaGraph target very large graphs, and managed services such as Amazon Neptune reduce operations. Try your own queries on each.

How are property graphs used with AI?

They store the entities and relationships GraphRAG uses to retrieve connected context for LLMs, power fraud and recommendation features through graph algorithms and embeddings, and serve as long-term memory for agents. Many engines now add vector search.